Pichwai art is a 400 years old traditional artform from Nathdwara in Rajasthan. The word ‘Pichwai’ has Sanskrit roots and its translation has been a point of contention. However, according to the Pichwai artists, it translates to ‘coming from the back’ or ‘hanging at the back’.
The reason for this translation is because these paintings were traditionally used as backgrounds for the idols of Hindu gods and goddesses, primarily Shrinathji, a manifestation of Krishna as a seven year old since its origins in the 17th century. These backgrounds often include elements that help in setting up the scenery behind the idols. Various motifs of lotus, cows, leaves, peacocks, Gopis (female cowherders or sometimes even milkmaids), and many other gods and goddesses are used to display a vibrant divine scenery.
Vibrant Dance of Krishna: Pichwai Painting by Jayesh Sharma
In the modern times, Pichwai paintings are no longer limited to the background of the idol of Hindu gods, but have also developed into an individual painting tradition of its own, taking the center stage. The primary example of this is the depiction of Shrinathji within the Pichwai painting itself, instead of an idol in front of it.
Chronicles of Shrinathji: Pichwai Painting by Jayesh Sharma
With its unique technique and stylisation, Pichwai paintings have been truly embraced in recent times. Their timeless allure and cultural significance has made them one of the most coveted art traditions in India today. From using this art in decoration for weddings and even at temples and homes, Pichwai paintings have become highly in demand lately
This is also why art enthusiasts and curators have also taken a special interest in this artform.
Why Collectors Value Pichwai Art?
There are many reasons why Pichwai paintings have become a highly valued art for collectors as well as art lovers. As discussed above, this art has great cultural and religious significance, especially in the western region of India. Traditionally created on large cloth pieces which were hung behind the idol of Shrinathji. They are also understood as devotional paintings as they help the devotees connect with their god. Thus, Pichwai paintings have earned a sacred spot within the art world. Many scenes from Lord Krishna’s life such as Janmashtami (celebration of Lord Krishna’s birth), Sharad Purnima (celebration of full moon day by Lord Krishna), Annakoot ( also known as Govardhan Puja celebrated on the first day of lunar fortnight (Shukla Paksha) of the Kartik month), and Krishna’s Raas Leela ( scenes from Krishna’s childhood and youth).
Sharad Poornima (merged with Daan Leela and Annakoot) in Pichwai by Shehzaad Ali Sherani
The Kamal Talai (a pattern of lotus pond) motif is one of the most popular ones in the style. The lotus is beautifully displayed with vibrant and aesthetic shading, making for a stunning network of lotus flowers and its leaves. It is almost a divine depiction of the flowers interconnected with creepers and leaves. This motif is also often seen adorning contemporary spaces, adding a touch of culture and heritage to the space.
Symphony of Kamdhenu and Kamal Talai in Pichwai Painting by Dinesh Soni
Why choose Pichwai over cheap Pichwai prints?
Time and again, it has been proved that technology can be both a boon and bane to the traditional Indian arts. A print of Pichwai is often considered a cost-effective alternative to promote the art, while maintaining its aesthetic. However, true art connoisseurs recognize the importance of a handcrafted Pichwai, as it carries meaning and craftsmanship that cannot be replicated in the prints.
This phenomenon is similar to the rise of Kalighat paintings in the 19th century Bengal, which emerged as a response to the influx of cheap oleographic and lithographic prints in the market, a threat to the original Patua paintings. While being monetarily accessible, these prints lacked the vibrancy and cultural authenticity of the traditional paintings. Similarly, the availability of inexpensive Pichwai prints threaten the value of authentic, hand-crafted Pichwai. Yet, just as Kalighat carved their niche by emphasizing originality and quality, authentic Pichwai is still sought after by the collectors who value superiority and cultural resonance.
Value of real gold and silver foil work
While many of the traditional Indian art forms use natural pigments, not a lot of them use real gold and silver in their art. The use of precious metal foils in Pichwai paintings add a luminous quality, and enhances the longevity and value of the art. It increases the aesthetic appeal of the painting, creating a captivating centerpiece.
Superiority of natural colors
The Pichwai artists use natural colours derived from minerals and precious metals. These pigments add a unique vibrancy to the artworks which cannot be obtained by the mass-produced paints. Since these pigments are produced by the artists, they are free from harmful chemicals. Natural colours are prepared with utmost care and diligence, staying vibrant for decades, unlike their factory-made counterparts.
By possessing a hand-painted Pichwai, the collectors contribute to the preservation of the traditional methods of Pichwai, while supporting their dedication towards the art.
Exclusivity
The exquisite detailing in these paintings is another reason why many collectors value this art. Every Pichwai artist is highly skilled and trained in this technique and spends a long time perfecting each detail. From highly detailed Pichwai paintings of Sharad Purnima to the depiction of scenes of Lord Krishna’s life, these paintings incorporate intricate details with various motifs generally relating to the life of Lord Krishna.
Each hand-painted Pichwai is a unique item, handcrafted with attention to detail. This ensures that no two paintings are identical, even though their theme remains the same. The lack of skilled artists and high demand has created more value and positioned Pichwai as a rare asset.
Beyond financial value
The paintings have retained their customary charm depicting the divine tableau of the gods in its typical stylistic way. Features such as intricately detailed patterns and elaborate borders, and the use of vibrant colours, make Pichwai a rich source of cultural heritage.
Investing in Pichwai paintings is an investment made in the preservation, promotion and development of a centuries old tradition. It supports the local artisans who have dedicated their lives to ensure the continuation of the artform.
Art collectors with Pichwai in their collection become a part of this legacy, sustaining a vibrant art form that inspires awe and devotion.
Pichwai as a timeless investment
Investing in the traditional arts of India is never simply a financial or aesthetical consideration. It is a commitment to preserve the rich cultural heritage and legacy of the community, as well as supporting the livelihood of the artisans. Pichwai is not just an art form, it is a timeless treasure that connects generations. It is also a way of promoting the art and encouraging more artists to learn the Pichwai skill. When you are purchasing a Pichwai, you are contributing to a story woven through centuries of devotion and creativity.
References
- https://www.facebook.com/rvppf. 2023. “Pichwai Art: Exploring the Splendor of Devotional Paintings - EBNW Story.” EBNW Story. May 18, 2023. https://ebnw.net/art-craft/pichwai-art-exploring-the-splendor-of-devotional-paintings/.
- Ramratan Guru, Priyanka Yadav, and Ushma Saini. 2023. “Pichwai: The Tapestry Art of Nathdwara” 14 (5.2): 11–20. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371954600.
- shan, shan. 2024. “EXPLORING the RICH HERITAGE of PICHWAI ART: THE SYMBOLISM of PICHWAI ART.” Asianmonk. August 30, 2024. https://asianmonk.com/blogs/art-blog/the-rich-heritage-of-pichwai-art.
