Kalyan Rai Ji Pichwai by Shehzaad Ali Sherani

Kishangarh's adherence to the Pushti Marg sect predates Nathdwara's establishment as the Vallabha sect's center. Raja Roop Singh of Kishangarh received a Kalyan Rai ji Pichwai from Vitthalnathji's grandson, illustrating the Kishangarh school's influence on, and subsequent development into, an independent Pichwai painting tradition.

This paintings depicts the Pichwai of Kalyanrai ji, a revered deity in Kishangarh. At first glance, the painting suggests a resemblance to Shrinathji, given the iconographc and thematic similarities. However, a detailed examination reveals subtle distinctions between the depictions of Shrinathji and Kalyanraiji.

The dark-skinned Kalyanrai ji, is portrayed with four arms, unlike Shrinathji’s two. Iconographically, this representation aligns with Vishnu, as he holds a shankh (conch shell) and chakra (discus). In contrast to Shrinathji’s characteristic flowing braid, ogten associated with dance poses, Kalyanrai ji’s braid is depicted as rigid. He is adorned with extensive jewellery, including necklaces of precious and semi-precious stones such as gold, emeralds, pearls, and rubies; armbands, bracelets, rings, earrings and layered anklets. Another significant difference lies in their attire; while Shrinathji is frequently shown in elaborately embroidered skirts, kalyanrai ji is depicted in a simple, elegant dhoti. He also wears an ornate crown embellished with precious and semi-precious stones.

The idol of Kalyanrai ji is set in front of a brocade pithika (backdrop) within a temple structure in a lush vegetative setting with numerous banana trees flanking it. Below the idol are essential elements of Kalyanrai ji’s worship: a paan beeda (betel leaf offering), a prasad dabbi (food offering), and jal patra (water utensil). A small fountain in front of the temple provides a water element to the painting, an essential feature of Kishangarh paintings. Numerous gopis, and even peacocks observe the evening aarti performed by the goswamis. The sunset is depicted in hues of vibrant red and orange, with swirling cloud patterns.

Given Kalyanrai ji's prominence as a deity in Kishangarh, the painting integrates stylistic elements typical of the Kishangarh school. Kishangarh paintings characteristically depict women with aquiline noses, idealized proportions, lotus-bud eyes, arched eyebrows, and a characteristic twisted lock of hair on their cheeks. The near-transparency of the odhni (dupatta) is another defining feature of this style.

This painting serves as a prime example demonstrating that Pichwai paintings, while associated with Shrinathji, are not exclusively limited to his depiction.

(Real Gold is used in this painting)

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